Abstract
An optical input pulse with a duration of nanosecond to femtosecond propagates through a dispersive nonlinear medium, it is subject to an extreme spectral broadening termed as white light supercontinuum (SC). In PCF, dispersion characteristics can be modified by the waveguide geometric parameters and thereby the nonlinear dynamics can be altered. In this article, the fiber parameters like core diameter, doping percentage, and pitch are varied and analyzed to achieve a conclusive zero-dispersion wavelength (ZDW) and a high nonlinearity. The numerical study presents different designs of solid-core photonic quasi-crystal fiber (PQF) and selection of highly nonlinear fiber with an effective area of 1.14 mm2 and nonlinearity of 196 W-1-km-1 at 780 nm exhibiting two-zero dispersion wavelength for supercontinuum generation in different regimes. The results exhibit a significant pulse broadening effect when the pump pulse (FWHM) was varied from 25 fs to 100 fs. Similarly, the influences of the pulse energy and peak average power on the bandwidth of the generated SC are studied
Highlights
Supercontinuum generation was first recognized in 1969, when Alfano et al, was engaged in characterizing crystals and glasses
By increasing the fiber length, the required pump power can be minimized with efficient four-wave mixing (FWM) in the region of zero dispersion wavelength (ZDW)
After the advent of PCFs by Russell et al, the impact of various structural parameters is taken into account and its influences are investigated in SC generation in spectral and temporal coherence[11]
Summary
Supercontinuum generation was first recognized in 1969, when Alfano et al, was engaged in characterizing crystals and glasses. To exhibit a smooth spectral profile of the generated supercontinua, Washio et al, demonstrated the significance of pumping in the anomalous dispersion region using Q-switched and mode-locked Nd:YAG solid state laser at 1.34 μm wavelength [6]. Stability in output spectra, the structural parameter pitch (Λ) In optimizing the zero dispersion in fibers, doping of core is considered for optimizing the two ZDW ranges. The bandwidth of negative dispersion for HNLF is approximately 902 nm, 808 nm, and 171 nm It is obvious from the above equation (4), when the effective area of the fiber is less, the nonlinearity factor increases. These three fibers parameters are extensively studied and mostly HNLF-2 results are discussed since it has highest nonlinearity factor
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