Abstract

A novel type of thermoelectromotive hybrid sensor has been developed to detect the position of a liquid level. This sensor utilizes the high thermoelectromotive force (t.e.m.f.) of semiconductors combined with the switching property of new high- T c materials. The recent highest T c of about 125 K offers the possibility of detecting the level of a liquid with a boiling point below this value. A markedly enhanced sensitivity of these semiconductor-superconductor hybrid sensors, i.e., up to a few mV/K, compared to those based merely on the t.e.m.f. of a high- T c material (10 −3 times the t.e.m.f. of a semiconductor) is reached by utilizing the high t.e.m.f. of the Si with proper carrier concentration. The prototype hybrid sensor is constructed by combining a high- T c thick-film conducting line and Si sheet and connecting them electrically in parallel. Sensor output signals even up to volts have been measured. The liquid-level measuring accuracy is about 1 mm.

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