Abstract
An experimental study of the superconducting properties of small single spheres of $\ensuremath{\beta}$-gallium has been made. Some spheres exhibited little superheating and went into the intermediate state so that ${H}_{c}(T)$ could be determined, giving ${H}_{0}=538\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}5$ Oe. The deviation of ${H}_{c}(T)$ from a parabolic temperature dependence is positive, indicative of strong-coupling superconductivity. ${T}_{c}$ is 5.90\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.03 K. For temperatures close to ${T}_{c}$, ideal superheating and supercooling is observed in the best spheres, allowing the determination of the Ginzburg-Landau parameter $\ensuremath{\kappa}=0.141\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.002$. The variation with temperature of the signal difference between the superconductive and normal states determines the penetration depth of the magnetic field, giving ${\ensuremath{\delta}}_{0}=880\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}100$ \AA{}. When the finite penetration depth is taken into account, agreement is obtained between the extrapolated values of ${\ensuremath{\kappa}}_{\mathrm{sc}}(T)$ and ${\ensuremath{\kappa}}_{\mathrm{sh}}(T)$ at ${T}_{c}$.
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