Abstract
The heavy fermion materials have small superconducting transition temperature and large specific heat corresponding to large effective masses. In these materials the superconductivity co-exists with ferromagnetic or antiferromagnetic order at low temperature. It shows phenomena like magnetic instabilities, quantum critical points (QCP), non-fermi liquid (NFL) and unconventional superconductivity. By comparing the superconducting properties, phase diagram and effect of magnetic field and pressure of heavy fermions based on uranium, cerium, and praseodymium, the basic physics behind pairing mechanism can be imagined. This paper aims to present remarkable findings in superconductivity of various heavy fermion materials.
Highlights
INTRODUCTIONThe heavy fermion materials have rare earth (usually Ce) or actinide element (usually U) in which f electron shell are not fully filled
The heavy fermion materials have rare earth or actinide element in which f electron shell are not fully filled
In uraniumbased heavy fermions containing a periodic array of uranium ions, the superconductivity co-exists with ferromagnetic or antiferromagnetic order
Summary
The heavy fermion materials have rare earth (usually Ce) or actinide element (usually U) in which f electron shell are not fully filled. The critical temperature of these materials is less than 2.0K.They have magnetic field penetration depth λ in excess of several thousand Å and the values of coherence length ξ are 100200Å. They are strongly correlated electron systems that exhibit very large effective masses below certain temperature. Phase fluctuation with the material expands in both space and time, and these fluctuations help in cooper pair formation. The large value of specific heat (Cp/T) near transition temperature (Tc) indicates that quasi-particles of large masses play an important role in the superconducting pairing
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