Abstract
To date, superconducting spoke cavities have been designed, developed, and tested for particle velocities up to ${\ensuremath{\beta}}_{0}\ensuremath{\sim}0.6$, but there is a growing interest in possible applications of multispoke cavities for high-velocity applications. We have explored the design parameter space for low-frequency, high-velocity, double-spoke superconducting cavities in order to determine how each design parameter affects the electromagnetic properties, in particular the surface electromagnetic fields and the shunt impedance. We present detailed design for cavities operating at 325 and 352 MHz and optimized for ${\ensuremath{\beta}}_{0}=0.82$ and 1.
Highlights
One of the first applications of superconducting radio frequency (SRF) technology to particle accelerators was for a proton accelerator [1] and, until the late 1980s, superconducting accelerating cavities were separated into two distinct velocity classes
The fields on the outer surface can be relatively small; this allows for both the fundamental power coupler and higher-order mode extraction couplers to be located on the outer surface rather than on the beam line [31,32,33,34], which is customary for elliptical cavities
If a peak surface electric field of 40 MV=m and a peak surface magnetic field of 80 mT can be routinely reached with the same probability, a cavity with a ratio of Bp=Ep ’ 2 mT=ðMV=mÞ would indicate that the normalized fields are properly balanced
Summary
One of the first applications of superconducting radio frequency (SRF) technology to particle accelerators was for a proton accelerator [1] and, until the late 1980s, superconducting accelerating cavities were separated into two distinct velocity classes. The low-velocity structures, designed for the acceleration of protons and heavy ions, extended to the 0 1⁄4 v0=c $ 0:2 regime They were usually based on resonant transmission lines and are often referred to as TEM structures. For low-frequency, low-velocity applications, elliptical cavities are large and potentially mechanically unstable, but for high-velocity applications, they remain dominant in operational accelerators. The reasons for this include the geometrical simplicity (which has led to good design, modeling, and simulation tools), extensive knowledge base (both in research institutions and industry), and low surface fields at high- 0 [10].
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