Abstract
The discovery of superconductivity at 260 K in hydrogen-rich compounds like LaH10 re-invigorated the quest for room temperature superconductivity. Here, we report the temperature dependence of the upper critical fields μ0Hc2(T) of superconducting H3S under a record-high combination of applied pressures up to 160 GPa and fields up to 65 T. We find that Hc2(T) displays a linear dependence on temperature over an extended range as found in multigap or in strongly-coupled superconductors, thus deviating from conventional Werthamer, Helfand, and Hohenberg (WHH) formalism. The best fit of Hc2(T) to the WHH formalism yields negligible values for the Maki parameter α and the spin–orbit scattering constant λSO. However, Hc2(T) is well-described by a model based on strong coupling superconductivity with a coupling constant λ ~ 2. We conclude that H3S behaves as a strong-coupled orbital-limited superconductor over the entire range of temperatures and fields used for our measurements.
Highlights
The discovery of superconductivity at 260 K in hydrogen-rich compounds like LaH10 reinvigorated the quest for room temperature superconductivity
The ongoing scientific endeavor to stabilize superconductivity at room temperature led to the discovery of superconductivity, with a very high critical temperature
H3S forms as the result of the chemical instability of H2S under high pressures, where H2S decomposes into elemental sulfur S and H3S7–10
Summary
The discovery of superconductivity at 260 K in hydrogen-rich compounds like LaH10 reinvigorated the quest for room temperature superconductivity. We find that Hc2(T) displays a linear dependence on temperature over an extended range as found in multigap or in strongly-coupled superconductors, deviating from conventional Werthamer, Helfand, and Hohenberg (WHH) formalism. H3S along with other hydrides[2,3] seems to be the closest compound, so far, to metallic hydrogen, which is predicted to be a high temperature superconductor[4,5,6]. Band structure calculations indicate that H3S is a multiband metal[17] having a large Fermi surface (broad energy dispersive bands) as the result of the hybridization between the H 1s and the 3p orbitals of sulfur[8,9,13,16,18,19]. Band structure calculations yield small Fermi surface pockets for the high-Tc phase of H3S17
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