Abstract
In this paper, two types of super-compact couplers, a branch line coupler and a rat-race coupler, are newly designed by replacing their −90° or −270° right-handed transmission lines (TLs) with +90° or +270° multi-layered (ML) composite right/left-handed (CRLH) TLs. Since the recent ML CRLH TLs have a broadband left-handed (LH) response with a well-balanced CRLH condition, these couplers also work in a LH phase-advance region, leading to significant size reduction from their original size. The overall dimension of the branch line coupler is 7.5 × 7.5 × 1.8 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> @2.3 GHz and that of the rat-race circuit is 4.0 × 8.0 × 2.9 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> @3.0 GHz, respectively.
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