Abstract
Superamphiphiles are amphiphiles that are formed on the basis of noncovalent interactions, which may include p–p interactions, hydrogen bonding, charge-transfer interactions, and electrostatic interactions. Superamphiphiles with various architectures can be fabricated, and they can be either small organic molecules or polymers. Because superamphiphiles are synthesized through noncovalent interactions, time-consuming organic synthesis can be avoided to some extent. In addition, building blocks with functional moieties, can be easily incorporated into the superamphiphiles, thus allowing for the fabrication of functional supramolecular nanostructures. Among the various noncovalent interactions that can be used as driving forces for the fabrication of superamphiphiles, chargetransfer interactions between electron-deficient and electron-rich building blocks are especially attractive. The face-to-face packing mode in the charge-transfer complex facilitates the formation of one-dimensional nanostructures. An interesting aspect is that some charge-transfer complexes are highly directional. For example, naphthalene diimide and naphthalene prefer a face-centered packing arrangement, in which the long axes of the two aromatic rings are nearly parallel. Using this unique feature, we attempted to employ this directional charge-transfer interaction to fabricate superamphiphiles of various architectures and to
Published Version
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