Abstract
Highly dispersible, hydrocarbon-free zirconium oxide and titanium oxide nanoparticles (ZrO₂-NTf₂- NP and TiO₂-NTf₂-NP) were successfully prepared via the simple sol-gel reactions of zirconium tetra-n-butoxide and titanium tetra-n-butoxide, respectively, using a water/methanol mixed solution of the bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide superacid. ZrO₂-NTf₂-NP could be dispersed in acetone, ethanol, methanol, N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and water, whereas TiO₂-NTf₂-NP could be dispersed in acetone, DMF, DMSO, and water. The number-average particle sizes of ZrO₂-NTf₂-NP and TiO₂-NTf₂-NP were determined to be 3.6±0.6 nm and 5.8±1.1 nm; these values were obtained by dynamic light-scattering measurements of the acetone dispersions (1.0 w/v%). Highly dispersible ZrO₂ nanoparticles could be prepared using other acid catalysts containing trifluoromethyl groups, such as trifluoromethanesulfonic acid and trifluoroacetic acid. In contrast, dispersible TiO₂ nanoparticles could not be prepared using these acid catalysts.
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