Abstract
Here we report a method for increased resolution of single exposure three modality x-ray images using super-resolution. The three x-ray image modalities are absorption-, differential phase-contrast-, and dark-field-images. To create super-resolution, a non-mechanically movable micro-focus x-ray source is used. A series of almost identical x-ray projection images is obtained while the point source is translated in a two-dimensional grid pattern. The three image modalities are extracted from fourier space using spatial harmonic analysis, also known as the single-shot method. Using super-resolution on the low-resolution series of the three modalities separately results in high-resolution images for the modalities. This approach allows to compensate for the inherent loss in resolution caused by the single-shot method without increasing the need for stability or algorithms accounting for possible motion.
Highlights
The development of x-ray imaging setups has accelerated over the last decade
Our method is a combination of three well documented procedures: spatial harmonic analysis (SHA) or singleshot imaging (Wen et al 2010), 2D electromagnetic source stepping similar to the approach of Harmon et al
Three polymer spheres are shown in figure 2(a) with their corresponding raw data obtained with a Pilatus detector in figure 2(c) and a beetle shown in figure 2(b) with its corresponding raw data in figure 2(d)
Summary
The development of x-ray imaging setups has accelerated over the last decade. Improvements in x-ray microscopy and Talbot–Lau grating interferometers (Momose et al 2003, David et al 2002)—with hardware such as microand nano-focus x-ray tubes have been a catalyst for this. Enhancement of image resolution and contrast is an ongoing process by optimizing and developing appropriate hardware and software. Using the Talbot interferometer as a base, new enhancements have recently been developed, e.g. a motionless electromagnetic phase stepping approach was demonstrated by Harmon et al (2015). Other closely related methods such as Speckle-based imaging described by Bérujon et al (2012), the single-shot method developed by Wen et al (2010), and the method described by Diemoz et al (2011) utilizing two line gratings can be categorized as non-scanning techniques. We present a method to enhance the resolution using the single-shot method combined with electromagnetic source stepping to create super-resolution
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