Super-resolution reconstruction framework of wind turbine wake: Design and application

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Complete and clear global wind turbine wake data is very important for the study of wind turbine wake characteristics in increasingly large offshore wind farms. Existing wake measurement techniques can only obtain local high-resolution (HR) wake flow field, or sacrifice accuracy to obtain larger measurement area, which is insufficient for accurate modeling of wake effect. To overcome this challenge, this paper proposes a novel super-resolution (SR) reconstruction approach that can reconstruct the global HR wake flow field from low-resolution (LR) wake flow field measurement data effectively. The proposed approach utilizes a deep learning framework called down-sampled skip-connection and multi-scale network. The performance of the SR approach is evaluated by enhancing the resolution of the wake flow field at different scale factors, and its potential application is demonstrated by assessing the prediction accuracy of three typical wake models. The results indicate that the resolution of the global wind turbine wake can be improved by 16 times using the SR model, and the reconstructed global SR wake flow fields are consistent with the ground truth in terms of both the spatial distribution and the temporal variation. By comparing the prediction results of three different wake models with the LR or SR wake data, it is shown that the SR flow reconstruction method can be applied to more accurately evaluate the wake model prediction performance, which has the potential to improve wake models. Overall, this study presents an innovative solution to the problem of incomplete and inaccurate wake flow measurement in the wind energy industry, which could reduce the workload of experimental measurements and the cost burden of accurate measuring equipment for engineering applications.