Abstract
espanolLa resolucion de las imagenes formadas mediante el uso de un sistema optico viene limitada por un cumulo de factores, como el limite impuesto por la difraccion producida en los diferentes elementos opticos del sistema, o por la propia geometria de estos. Respeto a este ultimo factor, una de las mayores causas que limitan la resolucion de las imagenes esta relacionada con factores geometricos propios de la camara CCD utilizada para la captacion de imagenes, como puede ser el tamano de los pixeles, su forma o la distancia entre ellos. En este trabajo presentamos una nueva tecnica de super-resolucion de imagenes que permite mejorar el limite resolutivo impuesto por la camara CCD. Para tal fin, utilizamos un sistema optico libre de movimientos mecanicos gracias al uso de una pantalla de cristal liquido sobre silicio (LCoS). La transformada de Fourier de una escena se forma sobre el modulador, al que se le envian diferentes fases lineales. Una vez modificado el espectro del objeto, su imagen se forma sobre la camara CCD. De este modo, diferentes fases lineales enviadas al modulador dan lugar a imagenes del objeto con diferentes desplazamientos sub-pixel sobre la camara. Finalmente, todas las imagenes desplazadas se combinan para obtener una imagen de super-resolucion, siendo esta de mayor tamano que las imagenes originales. Ademas, tambien hemos aplicado un post-procesado, basado en una tecnica de deconvolucion, sobre la imagen obtenida mediante la tecnica de super-resolucion, permitiendo disminuir efectos no deseados relacionados con ruido anadido en las imagenes experimentales. Finalmente, se estudia la validez de la tecnica de super-resolucion propuesta comparando las imagenes obtenidas con y sin usar la tecnica. EnglishThe resolution of any imaging system is limited by many factors, as by the diffraction resolution limit of the system or by resolution limitations related to the geometry of the optical elements. One of the main geometrical limitations in optical systems is due to CCD cameras used for the image acquisition. In particular, pixel size, shape and pixel pitch of the used CCD camera always impose a limit in resolution. This paper faces the problem of the geometric super-resolution limitation, providing an approach free of mechanical movements, which helps to overcome the problems related to CCD pixels pitch. To this aim, a parallel aligned (PA) liquid crystal on silicon (LCoS) display is placed at the Fourier plane of a transparent object, and different linear phases are addressed to it. Afterwards, an image-forming optical system provides the final image of the object at the CCD camera plane. By addressing different linear phases to the LCoS display, object images with different sub-pixel displacements in 1-D are acquired by the CCD camera. Afterwards, all the shifted images are combined, leading to a final super-resolved image with larger dimension than the original object image. In addition, an inverse filtering process is also included into the proposed method, leading to certain extent, to a decrease of the blurring effect. The experimental comparison of the object images obtained with and without using the proposed technique provides the improvement, in terms of resolution, achieved by applying our technique.
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