Abstract
In companion papers (A. Addazi, Nuovo Cim. C, 38(1): 21 (2015); A. Addazi, Z. Berezhiani, and Y. Kamyshkov, arXiv:1607.00348), we have discussed current bounds on a new super-light baryo-photon, associated with a U(1)B-L gauge, from current neutron-antineutron data, which are competitive with Eötvös-type experiments. Here, we discuss the implications of possible baryo-photon detection in string theory and quantum gravity. The discovery of a very light gauge boson should imply violation of the weak gravity conjecture, carrying deep consequences for our understanding of holography, quantum gravity and black holes. We also show how the detection of a baryo-photon would exclude the generation of all B–L violating operators from exotic stringy instantons. We will argue against the common statement in the literature that neutron-antineutron data may indirectly test at least the 300–1000 TeV scale. Searches for baryo-photons can provide indirect information on the Planck (or string) scale (quantum black holes, holography and non-perturbative stringy effects). This strongly motivates new neutron-antineutron experiments with adjustable magnetic fields dedicated to the detection of super-light baryo-photons.
Highlights
As it is known, B and L are accidental symmetries of the Standard Model
The discovery of a very light gauge boson should imply the violation of the Weak Gravity Conjecture, carrying deep consequences in our understanding of holography, quantum gravity and black holes
From the point of view of quantum field theory consistency, a gauge U (1)B−L could be massless. This would be not phenomenologically healthy: it would be in contradiction with baryogenesis which necessary requests a violation of B − L 2
Summary
B and L are accidental symmetries of the Standard Model. Their conservation is in agreement with all current data. According to our considerations above, the detection of a baryo-photon in neutron-antineutron should violate Weak Gravity Conjecture as well as should be a test for exotic D-brane in-. A detection of a baryo-photon would lead to re-discuss the same basic principles of quantum gravity and string theory, such as holography, stringy instantons, black hole remnants and so on. In this sense, searches for bary-photons in neutron-antineutron experiments can indirectly test quantum gravity
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