Abstract
Laser ion acceleration driven by the utmost intense laser pulses pushes superheavy gold ions to unprecedented energies, key for applications ranging from nuclear physics to next-generation accelerators.
Highlights
Laser-driven acceleration of energetic ions is an attractive topic [1,2,3], owing to its unique features such as an ultrahigh accelerating gradient, micrometer-scale source size, high beam density, and low emittance [4,5,6]
We find that the heating time of the targets significantly influences the energy spectra of Au ions, which is in agreement with previous studies
Note that g is the gain in this channel, which can be calculated as g 1⁄4 ekðL−xLÞ=L; k is a constant, L is the thickness of the microchannel plate (MCP), and xL is the depth from the surface of the MCP, where ions hit the inner surface of the channel
Summary
Laser-driven acceleration of energetic ions is an attractive topic [1,2,3], owing to its unique features such as an ultrahigh accelerating gradient, micrometer-scale source size, high beam density, and low emittance [4,5,6]. Laserdriven ion acceleration promises to generate super-heavyion beams with ultrahigh intensity and multiple charge states. State-of-the-art multipetawatt femtosecond lasers have recently been proven capable of delivering an intensity higher than 1022 W=cm2 When such an ultraintense femtosecond laser pulse irradiates an ultrathin target [5], huge ponderomotive force can pile up bulk electrons to build an ultrastrong charge separation field, resulting in deep collisionless ionization [22] and prompt injection [23]. The proof-of-principle experiment on highly charged super-heavy-ion acceleration, driven by the ultrashort femtosecond laser pulses at such ultrahigh intensity, has not yet been demonstrated. We experimentally and numerically study the generation of deeply ionized energetic Au ions by using ultrashort femtosecond laser pulses at an intensity of 1022 W=cm. With the help of 2D particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations, the influence of the ionization dynamics on the acceleration process is discussed
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