Sunscreen Factor Formulation and Test of Gel Preparations of 70% Ethanol Extract on Arabica Coffee Leaf (Coffea arabica L.)

Abstract

Arabica coffee leaf extract (Coffea arabica L.) contains phenolic and flavonoid compounds that are potentially active as sunscreen because it might absorb UV (Ultra Violet) A and UV B rays. It is well-known that UV rays exposure causes a negative effect to skin, yet is possible to be avoided by applying sunscreen. This research aims to test the effect of arabica coffee leaf extract on formulation of gel preparations and to discover how its concentration affects the amount of gel preparations’ sunscreen factor. There were 4 formulas with different extract concentrations whose characteristics were tested chemically, physically, and they were tested to measure its SPF number. From this test, it was discovered that the gel was qualified and it was plastic thixotropic flow. The measurement of SPF number proposed that F1 could not be categorized as protector because it was only 0.6 while F2, F3, and F4 showed that these formulas could be categorized as minimum protector. The samples were also tested statistically by using One Way ANOVA and Tukey HSD test. The result of the ANOVA test showed the number of sig 0.000 < 0.05 which meant all four formulas were significantly different. The research concludes that the extract of arabica coffee leaf might affect the formulation of gel preparations and its extract concentration might affect SPF number on gel preparations.