Abstract
In the semi-arid region of Brazil due to water scarcity, the use of alternative water sources is of vital importance, such as the use of saline waters and treated sewage effluents. Therefore, in the present work, the growth of sunflower plants irrigated with tap water and treated domestic sewage effluent, associated with organic fertilization was evaluated. The research was carried out in a protected environment at the Federal University of Campina Grande, Campus I, Campina Grande, PB. A completely randomized experimental design with factorial arrangement was used (4 x 2) + 2, with 5 repetitions. the treatments consisted of organic manure dosages (7.5, 10, 12.5 and 15% of manure on a weight basis) and two water sources (supply water and treated domestic sewage effluent). According to the results obtained, it can be indicated that the use of domestic sewage effluent for sunflower irrigation increased sunflower growth in relation to the use of water supply. The application of manure doses of 12.5 and 15% improved the early growth of the sunflower, with significant increases in the growth variables.
Highlights
Sunflower is a fairly widespread crop because it is a rich source of oil extracted from its grains, as well as being used as a source of bran and silage for animal feed (ANDRADE et al, 2012)
The treatments consisted of four doses of organic fertilization (E1 - 7.5, E2 - 10, E3 - 12.5 and E4 - 15% of manure on a weight basis) and two sources of water for irrigation (A1 - Supply water and A2 treated sewage effluent, arranged in factorial arrangement (4 x 2) + 2, with the last two being Control, which consisted of nitrogen fertilization according to the dose recommended by Novais et al (1991) using water from supply for irrigation (Control 1) and treated domestic effluent (Control 2), with 5 repetitions, totaling 50 experimental units
Costa et al (2010) corroborated the results found in this study, since they verified that the leaf area (LA) was not affected by the type of irrigation water in the sunflower crop
Summary
Sunflower is a fairly widespread crop because it is a rich source of oil extracted from its grains, as well as being used as a source of bran and silage for animal feed (ANDRADE et al, 2012) This crop is adapted to different edaphoclimatic conditions, even to the semiarid zone of Northeast Brazilian, where it has great economic viability. This crop is not very demanding to the water, but its development is altered by hydric deficit of the soil, being necessary the practice of the complementary irrigation to avoid reductions of the yield, especially in areas with water deficiency. The use of domestic effluent in agriculture is a strategic point in the integrated management of water resources, as it increases the volume of supply to meet the demand of the sector, means a nutritional contribution (REBOUÇAS et al, 2010; ALVES et al, 2009), reducing the consumption of surface water and the need to import fertilizers through the producing regions
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