Abstract
Adhesive hydrogels have been utilized as tissue sealants, hemostatic agents, and wound dressings, with the aim of replacing conventional sutures. To prevent immune response and serious inflammation from those hydrogels after sealing, natural biocompatible polysaccharides are widely used as a component of the hydrogels. However, the weak mechanical strength, insufficient adhesiveness, and rapid dissociation of the hydrogels necessitates additional suturing at the wound site. In this study, we report on a solid polysaccharide thread reversibly crosslinked with boronic acid-polyphenol complexation and its adhesive gelation for complete tissue sealing without additional suturing. The polysaccharide adhesive suture threads demonstrated long-term stability, which is useful when used for skin wound suturing. Specifically, their robust adhesion property occurred as soon as the threads were soaked, attaining a swollen hydrogel state, dependent on the presence of body fluids after suturing. Moreover, the pH of the body fluids affects the viscoelasticity and adhesiveness of the hydrogels in order to ensure a tight sealing. Therefore, we expect that these pH-responsive adhesive threads would be promising for the development of on-demand functional suture materials.
Highlights
Suturing is the traditional method used to seal biological tissues during surgical interventions
To prepare the AlBA/tannic acid (TA) hydrogel threads, an amount of AlBA was dissolved in deionized water (DDW) to a final concentration of 3 wt%, and TA was mixed into the solution to a final concentration of 0.01 M
The presence of the boronic acid moiety anchored onto the alginate chain was assessed spectrophotometrically by measuring the absorbance at 243 nm (Figure 2a)
Summary
Suturing is the traditional method used to seal biological tissues during surgical interventions. Suturing suffers from the critical challenges associated with undesired issues such as the application of excessive pressure on the site of election, low biocompatibility, and difficult biodegradation time control [3,4,5] To replace this conventional sealing method, a new type of adhesive material with thread formulation would be suitable. As an alternative to existing sutures, various studies have been focused on developing bioadhesives, with improved biocompatibility [6,7], controllable degradation [8,9], and drug encapsulation [10,11] These adhesives still have weak mechanical properties and low adhesiveness when compared to those of conventional suturing. Isnuptuarrtinicgu,lathr,eaaftdehr esusitvueritnhgr,etahdesaodnhetshievetitshsrueeasdcsaonnbtheestwisosluleens cuanndbeer esxwpoolsleunreutnodaeprheyxspioolsougriecatol baufpfhery(spioHlo7g.i4c)a, labnudftfherei(rpmHec7h.4a)n, iacnadl mthoediur lmuseicshhaingihcaelr matoadcuidluics pisHhitghhanertahtaat caitdniceuptHratlhpaHn,tohwatinatgntoeuatrparlopnHou, nocweidngprteocaippitraotnioonutnecneddepnrceycoipfitthaetaiolgninteantedaens caylgoinf itchaecaidlgiinnaatceidasicaclognindicitiaocnids [i1n8a].cidic conditions [18]
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