Abstract
Summer hibernation induced in ground squirrels ( Citellus tridecemlineatus) by urine or plasma from hibernating bats ( Myotis lucifugus or Eptesicus fuscus). Summer hibernation in the thirteen-lined ground squirrel can be induced by intravenous injection of urine or blood plasma previously isolated from winter hibernating little brown bats ( M. lucifugus) or big brown bats ( E. fuscus). Urine- and plasma-injected ground squirrels kept at 8 °C hibernated earlier, longer, and deeper (as indicated by core temperature and respiratory rate measurements) than control ground squirrels injected with saline. This successful cross-order induction of hibernation demonstrates that the hibernation-inducing trigger (HIT) may be present in nonrodent mammals.
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