Abstract
In this paper, we investigate the spatial and temporal characteristics of the spring-summer atmospheric drought using various indicators from the meteorological station observations in the European Russia in May–August 2010. Drought indicators suggest that the drought 2010 was not the most extensive. Weather conditions in the winter and spring of 2010 contributed to the occurrence of dry conditions in the central part of European Russia in May. It has been found that the most impact of the severe drought was on the territory of the Volga region. Drought began in May and lasted for 4 months. The intensity of severe and extreme drought increased from May to August. In the south of European Russia, severe and extreme drought was observed. Analysis of the macrocirculation conditions of the drought formation has shown the likelihood of its occurrence in the European Russia in the near future.
Highlights
Drought as a hazardous natural phenomenon is determined primarily by meteorological factors
According to the Palmer Drought Severity Index, a group of dry years was observed from 1936 to 1939 when the severe drought area increased from 35% to 42%
The cold winter of 2010, which prevented the recharge of soil moisture due to snow melting and spring moisture deficits, had an impact on the occurrence of drought conditions in the central part of European Russia in May
Summary
Drought as a hazardous natural phenomenon is determined primarily by meteorological factors. Severe drought of 2010 in European Russia was the cause of new scientific studies [Volodin, 2011; Ivanova et al, 2011; Mokhov, 2011; Frolov & Strashnaya, 2011; Barriopedro et al, 2011; Blunden et al, 2011; Grumm, 2011; Lau & Kim, 2012; Schubert et al, 2011]. Connected recordbreaking extreme events were observed during the summer of 2010: a heat wave and wildfires in European Russia and the severe flood in Pakistan. Drought was caused by an extraordinarily strong and prolonged extratropical atmospheric blocking event in association with a large-scale atmospheric Rossby wave spanning over European Russia, Kazakhstan, and the northwestern China–Tibetan Plateau region.
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