Sumatriptan: A New Treatment for Migraine and Cluster Headaches

Abstract

Objective To provide an overview of the pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, clinical trials, adverse drug reactions, and dosing recommendations for sumatriptan, a new agent for treating migraine headaches. Data Sources Information was collected by conducting a MEDLINE search for clinical trials, reviews, and other articles dealing with the use of sumatriptan in the treatment of migraine and/or cluster headache. Study Selection Clinical studies, review articles, and editorials were selected for review if they addressed the clinical use, pharmacokinetic profile, adverse drug reaction profile, and dosing recommendations for sumatriptan. Data Extraction Data were used from clinical trials and reviews when the information was obtainable from multiple sources. Data Synthesis Sumatriptan is a serotonin-selective receptor agonist approved by the Food and Drug Administration for the acute treatment of migraine headaches. Clinical trials have reported that sumatriptan is very effective in the rapid reversal of acute migraine headaches. The drug is not without adverse effects and must be used cautiously in patients with ischemic heart disease and coronary vasospasm. In addition, nausea, dizziness, malaise, and fatigue have been reported with sumatriptan's use. Conclusions Sumatriptan may have a significant impact on the lives of patients with migraine headaches. However, because no other serotonin agonists have been released for treating migraine, it will be important that pharmacy personnel have a clear understanding of the uses, adverse effects, administration guidelines, and costs associated with sumatriptan. This will allow pharmacy personnel to educate patients on sumatriptan to ensure the most positive outcomes possible.