Abstract
We determined the distribution of gaseous and particulate sulfur compounds in the canopy of the tropical rain forest of northern Congo and the overlying atmosphere during February 12–25, 1988. Hydrogen sulfide and dimethylsulfide decayed exponentially with altitude from approximately 30–40 ppt at ground level to 3–5 ppt at around 3 km altitude. Emission fluxes from the forest to the atmosphere were estimated by fitting a one‐dimensional time‐dependent numerical model of chemistry and transport of the sulfur compounds to their observed vertical profiles. Emission fluxes of 0.6–1.0 nmol H2S m−2 min−1 and 0.3–0.7 nmol DMS m−2 min−1 were consistent with the observed vertical profiles of H2S and DMS. These fluxes compare well with fluxes reported previously for the Amazon rain forest during the dry season and support the view of a subordinate role of land biota in the global cycling of sulfur. The particulate sulfur concentration of 248 ppt was found below the forest canopy. Biomass burning is considered to be an important contributor to this particulate sulfur. Carbonyl sulfide was found to be enhanced above the 500 ppt tropospheric background throughout the mixing layer of 2–3 km depth, likely due to biomass burning.
Highlights
We determined the distribution of gaseousand particulate sulfur compoundsin the canopy of the tropical rain forest of northern Congo and the overlying atmosphere during February 12-25, 1988
The vertical profiles of the short-lived sulfur species H2S and DMS from the ground level up to the free troposphere are both in their structure and numerical values remarkably
[OS, ppt similar to those found over Amazonia during the dry season
Summary
Gae, fungi, and higher plants synthesize the amino acid, cysteine, and various other compounds from sulfate. Volatile sulfur compoundsare forested soilsand vegetation on the Ivory Coast of Africa, in produced by dissimilatory and by assimilatory sulfate reduc- support of these high flux estimates. The detection were collected at various heights within the forest and a limit of the method is approximately 1.5 ppt DMS at a clearing nearby. Rainwater was forest (42 m 16 ppt, n = 12) and those in the clearing (24 m sampled with a polyethylene bucket in front of the field 15 ppt, n = 9) This difference becomes even more prolaboratory, at about 40 cm above ground.
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