Abstract
Adipocyte differentiation (adipogenesis) is a crucial process that determines the total number and size of mature adipocytes that will develop. In this study, the anti-adipogenic effect of sulforaphene (SFEN), a dietary isothiocyanate (ITC) derived from radish, is investigated both in 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes and in human adipose tissue-derived stem cells. The results revealed that SFEN significantly inhibit adipogenic cocktail-induced adipocyte differentiation and lipid accumulation at the early stage of adipogenesis. Additionally, the effects are more potent compared to those of other ITCs derived from various cruciferous vegetables. As a related molecular mechanism of action, SFEN promotes the post-translational degradation of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein (C/EBP) β by decreasing the stability of C/EBPβ, which is responsible for decreasing the expression of master regulatory proteins such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ and C/EBPα. Collectively, these results suggest that the intake of SFEN-enriched natural materials could be helpful as a strategy for preventing obesity.
Highlights
Obesity is a chronic disease and a major human health challenge worldwide [1]
We found that the anti-adipogenic effect of SFEN was consistent in human adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ASCs); this result is reported here for the first time
Because SFEN significantly inhibited adipogenesis at 10 μM, we investigated the stage at which SFEN acts during adipogenesis. 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes exposed to MDM were treated with μM SFEN at various periods during the full process of adipocyte differentiation (Figure 3A, left)
Summary
Obesity is a chronic disease and a major human health challenge worldwide [1]. The global obesity epidemic represents a serious problem in modern society because obesity is correlated with an increased risk of severe chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and certain types of cancer, including colorectal and breast cancer [2,3]. Obesity arises from the expansion of body fat mass through increasing the abundance and average volume of adipocytes [4,5]. Adipocyte differentiation (adipogenesis) is the process by which adipocyte progenitors such as pre-adipocytes are converted into lipid-laden mature adipocytes. Adipocytes progenitors can undergo increase of the number or differentiation in adipose tissue formation. There are several cell models including 3T3-L1
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