Abstract
BackgroundHospital inpatient care for patients with diabetes was estimated to cost $76 billion in 2012. Substantial expense resulted from those patients having multiple hospitalizations. The objective was to compare the risk for diabetes–related hospital readmission in patients with type 2 diabetes treated with sulfonylureas (SUs) compared to those treated with other oral antihyperglycemic agents (AHAs).MethodsA retrospective cohort analysis was conducted using two-year panels, from 1999 to 2010, from the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey. The study included patients with type 2 diabetes taking an oral AHA who experienced a diabetes-related hospitalization. A Cox proportional hazard regression predicting time to readmission was used to estimate and compare the risks of readmission for SU-monotherapy versus other-AHA-monotherapy patients. Covariates included age, gender, marital status, cardiovascular disease, kidney disease, and eye disease, along with a propensity score to control for selection bias. The lack of clinical data on disease severity and progression limited our ability to estimate causal relationships between drug use and risk of hospital readmission.ResultsFrom 1999 to 2010, an estimated 13.5 million patients experienced a diabetes-related hospital admission and subsequent AHA treatment. While 23.2 % (n = 746,579) of patients in the SU monotherapy cohort had a readmission, only 16.1 % (n = 881,984) in the other-AHA monotherapy group were readmitted. Average readmission expenditure for readmitted SU users (in 2010 dollars) was $11,148 (±$1,558) compared to $7,673 (±$763) for users of other oral AHAs. The estimated readmission hazard ratio was 1.29 (95 % CI: 1.01–1.65; p-value = 0.04) for SU monotherapy users. If a patient’s first hospital admission was during the time period 2008–2010, a readmission was significantly less likely (HR 0.49, 95 % CI: 0.31–0.78; p = 0.003) relative to 2004–2007.ConclusionsAmong patients with type 2 diabetes, SU use was associated with an approximately 30 % increased risk for readmission compared to other-AHA use, while each readmission for an SU user cost on average 45 % more than one for an other-AHA patient. Because of the rapidly rising prevalence of diabetes in the U.S. and the large number of patients with prediabetes, preventing hospital readmissions will continue to be an important cost-saving strategy in the future.
Highlights
Hospital inpatient care for patients with diabetes was estimated to cost $76 billion in 2012
For patients with no readmission, we examined claims for three rounds following the round of the first admission or until the end of the two-year panel, whichever occurred first
Among patients in the noSU+ cohort, the only combination found in the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS) was biguanide plus TZD
Summary
Hospital inpatient care for patients with diabetes was estimated to cost $76 billion in 2012. The largest component of medical expenditures for patients with diabetes in 2012 was hospital inpatient care, estimated at $76 billion, and there were 26,383 hospital days in 2012 attributable to diabetes [3]. Much of this hospital expense and time resulted from patients having multiple hospitalizations. Jiang and colleagues found that 21 % of patients with diabetes were readmitted to the hospital within 30 days of discharge, and 45 % were readmitted within 45 days [6]. No nationally representative, multi-payer estimates of the total number of patients with diabetes undergoing multiple hospitalizations exist
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
