Abstract
The sulfonation of untreated petroleum fractions with gaseous SO/sub 3/ by a conventional procedure gives a large quantity of acid tar that plugs the laboratory sulfonation reactor. To eliminate this problem, the authors performed sulfonation with a solution of SO/sub 3/ in dichloroethane under milder conditions (at 27-35/sup 0/C), feeding the sulfonating agent gradually into an oil-filled flask equipped with a stirrer, keeping the SO/sub 3/ concentration low in the reaction mixture. The materials taken for sulfonation are listed. Results obtained in sulfonating one particular feed by the two different methods of treatment with a solution of SO/sub 3/ in dichloroethane, and by treatment with gaseous SO/sub 3/, are presented. The selectivity of the sulfonation process with respect to oil-soluble sulfonic acids is shown. The characteristics of the sulfonates that were obtained are listed. It is shown that sulfonation by the use of a solution of SO/sub 3/ in dichloroethane is milder than sulfonation by the use of gaseous SO/sub 3/. Sulfonation with the SO/sub 3/ solution can be used in sulfonating lower-quality raw material, including untreated lube fractions.
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