Abstract
ABSTRACT In this work, sulfonated divinylbenzene (SDVB) adsorbents, with the 60–80 mesh diameter, were packed inside a 22-gauge stainless steel needle to fabricate a sulfonated needle trap sampler (SNTS), which is a micro sampler. An analysis of Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) scanning data, thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) data, and scanning electron microscopice (SEM) observations, confirmed the physiochemical characteristics of sulfonated DVB adsorbent resins. A gas mixture of approximately 20 ppm of ethanol, methyl ethyl ketone (MEK), benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and o-xylene (BTEX) was prepared to evaluate the sampling efficacies of the SNTS. The results reveal that, in 1–2 h, SNTS adsorbed increased 92–116% more methanol and 12–20% more MEK than NTS. The SNTS adsorbed 4–15% less BTEX than the NTS. The tested SNTS exhibited remarkable adsorption capacities of methanol, which emitted in a metal frame manufacturing plant. The SNTS is recommended as an alternative passive sampler to the active adsorbent tubes.
Highlights
Solid phase microextraction (SPME) involves the adsorption of analytes by extracting phases, and relevant technology has been developed for over 30 years
The needle trap sampler (NTS) consists of a 22-gauge stainless steel needle that is packed with DVB adsorbent of a size consistent with 60–80 mesh
The effectiveness of sulfonated needle trap sampler (SNTS) as an alternative sampler was evaluated in this work
Summary
Solid phase microextraction (SPME) involves the adsorption of analytes by extracting phases, and relevant technology has been developed for over 30 years. SPME was developed as a solventfree technique for preparing samples using less than 1 μL of an extracting phase. The extracting phase can be a solid sorbent, which is packed inside a stainless needle, and is typically of high porosity to provide a high surface area for adsorption (Pawliszyn, 1999). To adsorb organic compounds in the liquid, gaseous or solid phases, various adsorbents must be used. Divinylbenzene (DVB) is a universal semipolar particle adsorbent with a high specific surface area of 750 m2 g–1 using to sample many gaseous organic compounds in the environment and working places (Cheng et al, 2017; Cheng and Wu, 2019; Cheng et al, 2020; Cheng and Yuan, 2021). DVB has higher adsorption capacities for C6–C15 compounds than for C1–C3 alcohols and ketones, including methanol, ethanol, propanol and methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) (Pawliszyn and Mani, 1999)
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