Abstract
The Great Hinggan Range (GHR) hosts many large Mo deposits and vein-type Pb-Zn deposits and is one of the most important polymetallic metallogenic belts in China. Although Mo and Pb-Zn deposits are locally closely related in space in the GHR, it is disputed whether the Mo and Pb-Zn deposits have a genetic relationship. The Diyanqinamu Mo deposit located at the middle part of the northern GHR is a Late Jurassic large porphyry Mo deposit and closely adjacent by vein-type Pb-Zn deposit. In this work, we discussed the relationship between Mo and Pb-Zn deposits in Diyanqinamu mine based on the data of S and Pb isotopic geochemistry and geological information. In this mine, the Mo deposit is concentrated in the southern area with a distance of 500 m to the vein Pb-Zn deposit. The δ34SCDT values of the galena and sphalerite from the Mo deposit range from +1.73‰ to +7.29‰ with average of +5.04‰. By contrast, δ34SCDT values of the galena and sphalerite from the Pb-Zn deposit, ranging from +2.38‰ to +5.46‰ with average of +4.04‰, is similar to that of the Mo deposit. The formation temperatures of the Pb-Zn deposit calculated based on the sulfur isotope balance fractionation between sphalerite and co-existed galena range from 220 °C to 315 °C (average 247 °C), which is lower than that of the Mo mineralization (292–510°C). Pb isotopic results show that the 206Pb/204Pb, 207Pb/204Pb, and 208Pb/204Pb values of the Pb-Zn deposit range from 18.326–18.364, 15.541–15.589, and 38.054–38.214, respectively, which are slightly higher than those of the Mo deposit ranging from 18.287–18.331, 15.532–15.569, and 38.034–38.139, respectively. In the 206Pb/204Pb˗207Pb/204Pb diagram, sulfides sampled from the Mo and Pb-Zn deposits overlapped with each other and formed a linear distribution, indicating that they are derived from a mixed metal source with more external contribution to the Pb-Zn mineralization. This mixed signal is further confirmed by the geologic facts that the host rocks of the vein-type Pb-Zn deposit have abnormally high contents of Pb, Zn, and Ag, and experienced strong hydrothermal alteration. Combined with the ore geology, mineral assemblage, and isotopic geochemistry of the two types of mineralization, we propose that the Mo and Pb-Zn deposits in the Diyanqinamu mine represent different faces of the same porphyry system. This Mo-Pb-Zn metallogenic system would provide important clues on further prospecting of Mo and Pb-Zn resources in the GHR.
Highlights
The Great Hinggan Range (GHR) in the easternmost Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB) is one of the most important polymetallic metallogenic belts in China (Figure 1), which hosts a great many of Mo, Minerals 2020, 10, 304; doi:10.3390/min10040304 www.mdpi.com/journal/mineralsMinerals 2020, 10, 304 Minerals 2020, 10, x FOR PEER REVIEW 2 of 15 2 of 15Sonf,MAou,SCnu, A, Aug,CPub,Aagn,dPZbn, adnedpZosnitdse[p1–o6si]t.sM[1a–n6y].sMtuadniyesshtuadvieesbeheanvecabrereiendcoarurtieodn othuet ognentehseisgoenf eMsios dofepMosoitdse[7p–o1s1it]s
In the Mo deposit, galena and sphalerite samples display wide range of δ34SCDT values ranging from +1.73% to +7.29% (Figure 7)
In the Pb-Zn deposit, the δ34SCDT values of galena and sphalerite samples show narrow range +2.38% to +5.46% (Figure 7), with the galena samples ranging from +2.38% to +5.21% and sphalerite samples relatively enriched in heavy sulfur isotope ranging from +4.46% to +5.46%
Summary
The Great Hinggan Range (GHR) in the easternmost Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB) is one of the most important polymetallic metallogenic belts in China (Figure 1), which hosts a great many of Mo, Minerals 2020, 10, 304; doi:10.3390/min10040304 www.mdpi.com/journal/mineralsMinerals 2020, 10, 304 Minerals 2020, 10, x FOR PEER REVIEW 2 of 15 2 of 15Sonf ,MAou,,SCnu, A, Aug, ,CPub,,Aagn,dPZbn, adnedpZosnitdse[p1–o6si]t.sM[1a–n6y].sMtuadniyesshtuadvieesbeheanvecabrereiendcoarurtieodn othuet ognentehseisgoenf eMsios dofepMosoitdse[7p–o1s1it]s. The Great Hinggan Range (GHR) in the easternmost Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB) is one of the most important polymetallic metallogenic belts in China (Figure 1), which hosts a great many of Mo, Minerals 2020, 10, 304; doi:10.3390/min10040304 www.mdpi.com/journal/minerals. F(tBer) S[2im]).p(lBifi)eSdimgepolliofigeidc mgeaoploogfitchme GapHRofatnhde GHR and its adjacent areas (modified after [9,23,24]). Isotope geochemistry is a powerful tool to determine the sources of ore-forming fluids and meltsIsiontohpyedrgoetohcehremmailstdreypiossaitpso. WSuelrffuurl tiosootlotpoedhetaesrmbeienne twhiedseoluyracpespolifeodrteo-fcoormnsitnrgaifnlutihdesgaenndemsiselotsf hinydhryodthreortmhearlmdaepl odseitpso[s2i5t,s2.6S];ulelfaudr isisoototoppeeishaassigbneifiencanwtimdeolnyitoapr pfoliretdractoingcosonustrrcaeisnofthheydgreontheesirsmoalf flhuydidrsotahnedrmthaelir dmeipgorsaittison[2p5a,t2h6s];[2l6e–a2d8].isotope is a significant monitor for tracing sources of hydrothermal fluids and their migration paths [26,27,28]. The Diyanqinamu Mo deposit in the middle part of northern GHR contains a proven reserve of 0.79 Mt Mo metal with an average grade of 0.099% (Figure 1B) [23].
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