Suitability of water supply systems based on rainwater harvesting

Abstract

Water use is increasing along with the rapid economic growth and development of the Yogyakarta Urban Area (YUA). Provision of clean water YUA has been using surface and groundwater sources through dug wells and Local Water Company (PDAM) water distributions to face the problem of scarcity of raw water, especially in terms of quantity and quality. The aim of this study is analyzing suitability of rainwater harvesting (RWH) as an alternative source of cheap and environmentally friendly raw water and has the opportunity to reduce flooding and drought. The research method uses qualitative description analysis and analysis of hierarchy processes in determining the potential for rainwater harvesting, rainwater harvesting needs, and the need for rainwater harvesting infrastructure. Analysis of the potential for rainwater harvesting uses parameters of land use, rainfall, river density, and slope. RWH needs analysis using parameters of water demand, groundwater level, and soil permeability. The excess rainwater from the shelter is absorbed into the infiltration wells and infiltration ponds to cope with flooding and increase artificial recharge as an effort to conserve groundwater. The main results obtained are suitability between potential and needs that forming the infrastructure of RWH. The potential for rainwater harvesting in the form of weight distribution of RWH potential values, distribution of RWH score needs and RWH infrastructure needs in the YUA area. The benefits obtained are the potential for rainwater harvesting to provide a sustainable supply of clean water, drinking water for health, economic value and social capital.