Abstract
Decentralized wastewater plants have been proven to be cost-effective, easy to construct and operate and widely used in small ruler communities. The suitability of reclaimed wastewater for irrigation purpose was evaluated in this study based on the various water quality parameters, international water quality standards and water–irrigation water quality guideline (JS 1766). Twenty-seven samples were collected from a decentralized wastewater plant that is located in Balqa Governorate in Salt city, Jordan. Samples were analyzed for pH, electrical conductivity, major anions and cations, as well as biological oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand and total suspended solids. Study results show that water is slightly alkaline in nature. According to Jordanian domestic reclaimed wastewater standard, the use of water for irrigation has a mild-to-moderate degree of restriction. Using the US Salinity Laboratory classification scheme, there is high salinity and medium sodium water, 50% of samples falls in the area of (C3-S2) and this water is suitable for irrigation for many types of soil with low risk of increasing exchangeable sodium content. According to chloride hazards, the water for irrigation can be used for moderately tolerant plants. 74% of the samples have the residual sodium carbonate (RSC) less than 1.25 meq/L and hence suitable for irrigation. The study recommends that treated wastewater from decentralized wastewater a plant is considered as non-conventional source for irrigation.
Highlights
The availability of water has always been of vital importance for life
The magnesium hazard values fall in the range of 21.5–57.6%, and the reclaimed wastewater can be classified with few exceptions as suitable for irrigation use. 74% of the samples collected showed magnesium hazard ratio below 50%, while 26% falls in the unsuitable category with magnesium hazard above 50%
The water quality of the effluent of decentralized wastewater goes with the water–irrigation water quality guideline (JS 1766, 2014)
Summary
The availability of water has always been of vital importance for life It has always played a life-sustaining role in growth and well-being of human kind. In addition to the mismanagement of available water resources as well as significant population growth, especially in the second. It ranked second in terms of the water poverty line in 2017, with only 100 m 3 per capita per year, and it is expected to decrease every year, reaching nearly 80 cubic meters in the year 2020 (MWI 2017). As agriculture consumes the bulk of the available potable water, it has become important to look for the use of substitutional sources of water for irrigation.
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