Abstract
Background: The most common method of suicide in Poland is hanging, especially among men. However, women tend to overdose on medications to commit suicide. Considering suicide attempts, poisoning, which involves overdosing various substances, is the most commonly used method. The purpose of the present study was to analyze suicide attempts by intoxication, suicides, and substances that influenced the state of consciousness of suicide victims in Poland in the years covered by the study. Methods: A descriptive analysis was made based on the data obtained from the registers of the General Police Headquarters of Poland and the Statistics Poland for the years 1999–2020. Results: During the 21-year study period, 161,655 cases of suicide attempts were recorded in Poland, 106,169 of which resulted in suicides. Results showed that out of 14,660 self-poisoning suicide attempts, there were 2258 cases of suicide poisoning deaths in the analyzed study period. According to the data of the General Police Headquarters of Poland, the total number of suicides of all causes was 106,169. Self-poisoning suicides accounted for 2.1% of all cases of suicides. Conclusion: Due to the distribution of suicide registration systems in Poland, data available in this area should be interpreted with caution.
Highlights
Based on Data from the General Police Headquarters of Poland
The total of 14,660 self-poisoning suicide attempts resulted in deaths (15.4%)
The analysis showed that in the analyzed study period alcohol was the most frequently used substance influencing the state of consciousness of the victims of suicide attempts
Summary
Suicide is a global phenomenon that results from a complex interaction between risk factors and triggers, including alcohol and drugs [1]. Consciousness disorders caused by alcohol consumption or the use of other psychoactive substances are observed in 25%–50%. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Food and Agriculture. Organization of the United Nations (FAO), the most common methods of suicide all over the world are pesticide poisoning in low- and middle-income countries, hanging, which accounts for 50% of suicides in highly developed countries, and jumping from a height, mainly in highly urbanized areas such as China, Hong Kong SAR, and Singapore [3]. A high percentage of suicides with firearms (46% of all suicides) is recorded in the highly developed America, whereas the “epidemic” of using barbecue charcoal for suicidal purposes started in Hong
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