Abstract
BackgroundDiabetes is a highly prevalent non-communicable disease which is prone to more psychiatric complications like suicide; however, research into this area is limited. Assessing suicidal plan and attempt as well as its determinants are therefore important.MethodInstitution based cross-sectional study was conducted from May 21 to June 21 at the diabetic outpatient clinic by recruiting 421 participants using systematic sampling. Suicide manual of the composite international diagnostic interview (CIDI) was used to assess suicidal plan and attempt. Chart review was used to obtain data regarding the co-morbidity of medical illness and complications of diabetes mellitus. Binary logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with suicidal attempt. Odds ratio with 95% CI was employed and variables with a p-value of< 0.05 in multivariable logistic regression were declared significant.ResultsFrom 423 participants 421 participated in the study with 99.5% response rate. The mean age (±SD) of the respondents was 38.0((±13.9) years. The lifetime prevalence of Suicidal plan; an attempt was found to be 10.7 and 7.6% respectively. Being female (AOR = 2.14, 95%CI:1.10,5.65), poor social support (AOR = 3.21,95%CI:1.26,8.98), comorbid depression (AOR = 6.40,95%CI:2.56,15.46) and poor glycemic control (AOR = 4.38,95%CI:1.66,9.59) were factors associated with lifetime suicidal attempt.ConclusionThe prevalence of suicidal attempt among Diabetes patients is high (7.6%). The suicidal attempt had a statistically significant association with female gender, comorbidity with depression, poor social support and poor glycemic control. Therefore the result of this study helps to do early screening, treatment, and referral of patients with suicidal attempt.
Highlights
Diabetes is a highly prevalent non-communicable disease which is prone to more psychiatric complications like suicide; research into this area is limited
Being female (AOR = 2.14, 95%CI:1.10,5.65), poor social support (AOR = 3.21,95%CI:1.26,8.98), comorbid depression (AOR = 6.40,95%CI:2.56,15.46) and poor glycemic control (AOR = 4.38,95%CI:1.66,9.59) were factors associated with lifetime suicidal attempt
Existing literature reports that the history of a prior suicide attempt is a statistically significant risk factor associated with future self-destructive including death by suicide [4, 5]
Summary
Diabetes is a highly prevalent non-communicable disease which is prone to more psychiatric complications like suicide; research into this area is limited. A suicide attempt should have the following. According to World Health Organization (WHO), suicide accounts for 50% of all violent deaths in men and 71% in women and is the 2nd leading cause of death in 15–29-year age group worldwide [8]. 85% of the suicides in the world occur in low and. In Ethiopia, suicidal behavior affects about 6.3% of the population [10]. Suicidal attempt among people with DM had been reported as high as 58.5% [11] in the USA which is higher than the prevalence in the general population (1.1 to 4.6%)
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