Suicidal behaviour among asylum seekers in the Netherlands; prevalence, background and prevention

Abstract

BackgroundProblems of asylum seekers are multiple and complex. Having experienced pre migration adversities, they face multiple post-migration living problems in the host country. In clinical practice suicidal ideations and suicidal behavior often occurs.Objectives/aimsTo increase knowledge and give directions for preventive measures related to suicidal behavior among asylum seekers.MethodLiterature, related to the subject, is summarized.ResultsIn this presentation the context of the reception of asylum seekers is explained. Data will be shown on suicides and suicidal attempts among asylum seekers, in comparison with the Dutch population and with international data. Moreover an overview of qualitative and quantitative research findings will be shown on the many risk factors asylum seekers experience: traumatic experiences, loss, mental health problems, poor living conditions, fear to be expelled, uncertain future and post migration living problems. Attention will be given to the situation of imprisoned undocumented migrants in The Netherlands. Hobfolls theory of the Conservation of Resources will be used to explain the increased risk for suicidal behavior and suicide among asylum seekers and undocumented migrants. Prevention strategies contain cooperation to decrease the risk factors, enhance the protective factors, early detection of signals, and good access to mental health care.ConclusionAsylum seekers encounter many risk factors for suicidal behavior and suicide. The impossibility to get control over their lives and the lack of resources of resilience needs to be recognized as important risk factors. There is a need for cooperation between all professionals and volunteers to change this situation.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his declaration of competing interest.