Abstract
Illegal Unregulated Unreported (IUU) fishing threatens marine biodiversity and associated economic values. Recognizing this, the Indonesian government exercises a tough anti IUU fishing policy. The policy generates both success stories and failure issues. Biological parameters are better: disappeared species returned, catch per unit effort CPUE increased, fish size becomes larger, fishing trips are shorter. However, data show that the stock utilization is not optimum, fishing discard is high, and fishers’ income remains low. This study is aimed to formulate measures necessary to minimize side effects. Data were collected from selected landing places. It is concluded that the most notable factors causing detrimental side effects are lack of carrier vessels, inadequate cold handling infrastructure, poor processing facilities, and high shipping costs. Among complementary policy options, the most strategic one is integrating the anti IUU fishing policy with the national marine toll program. This paper also suggests that more frequent shipping and larger quota should be allocated by the program for transporting marine products from the production centers to processing, export, and consumer locations.
Highlights
The potential number of Indonesian annual marine fish production of Indonesia is 12.54 x 10 6 t [1]
It is estimated that value of losses associated to Illegal Unregulated Unreported (IUU) fishing practices in Indonesia hits an amount reaching IDR 30 x 109 / year [3]
In 2014, the Indonesian government, c.q. the Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries responded to the situation and started a program aimed at combating IUU fishing practices
Summary
The potential number of Indonesian annual marine fish production of Indonesia is 12.54 x 10 6 t [1]. The main tasks of this force are to develop and to implement law enforcement operations to eradicate IUU fishing in Indonesia's marine jurisdiction effectively In this context, the task force is expected to optimize the use of personnel and operating equipment, including ships, aircraft and other technologies owned by several related national institution such the Ministry Marine and Fisheries, Indonesian Navy, National Police, etc. Merauke Regency is a perfect example to illustrate and study the outstanding problems Fish stocks in this district were traditionally exploited by foreign fleets [12]; after several years since the declaration of foreign ship moratorium policy by the Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries, fish stocks abundance increased significantly and this situation made an easier situation for local fishermen to catch fish. The above provides a background for the study reported in paper, which aims to identify measures necessary to minimize side effects of the Indonesian Anti IUU program, where Merauke Regency, which is located in the eastern part of Indonesia , is used as the study case
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