Sugarcane First-Generation Bioethanol Units and Advancements in Electric Power and Biogas Production

Abstract

AbstractSugarcane is one of the most important industrial crops worldwide since it is remarkably rich in fermentable sugars and can be bioconverted into ethanol. This biofuel is largely used to replace traditional fossil-based fuels in tropical countries. In addition to its economic importance, ethanol plays an essential role in the biobased economy; industrial units are major examples of waste valorization. Sugarcane bagasse generated during sugarcane processing is traditionally used for heat and electric power production, whereas vinasse and filter cake are used as fertilizers in sugarcane crops. Sugarcane bagasse burning accounts for the industry’s self-sufficiency in steam and electric power production, as well as for generating revenue since its excess is often sold. Vinasse and filter cake have been investigated for biogas production since biogas produces methane, which is an energy-rich molecule that can be converted into electric power or used as a renewable natural gas source; moreover, its digestate can be used in fertigation processes. The aims of the current chapter are to address sugarcane processing into ethanol, as well as to identify solid and liquid wastes generated during this process. To do so, the study investigated the current use of these wastes, as well as explored advancements observed in more efficient electric power production processes and in the development and scaling-up of anaerobic digestion technologies.Graphical Abstract KeywordsWastesVinasseFilter cakeSugarcane bagasseBiogasIndustrial process