Abstract
Sugarcane bagasse has a great potential to be used as biofuel; however, its use as feedstock in fluidized bed reactors is hampered due to its fibrous nature, low apparent density, high moisture content, and difficulties with its fluidization. The present study evaluated the torrefaction of sugarcane bagasse to propose suitable process conditions that balance the properties of the fuel obtained in the torrefaction and the process’s energy requirements. Based on the thermogravimetric analysis and previous reports, two final process temperatures (230 °C and 280 °C) and residence times (35 and 45 min) for the same heating rate (5 °C/min) and nitrogen flow (1 L/min) were evaluated. Within the experimental conditions evaluated, it can be concluded that for 30 min of residence time, the average target temperature of 230 °C should be high enough to produce a stable torrefacted bagasse with a 3.41% reduction in the volatile content and obtain 98.85% of energy yield. Higher temperatures increase the feedstock’s carbon content and energy density, but the reduction in energy yield and the fraction of volatiles do not justify higher temperatures or longer residence times for pretreating the sugarcane bagasse.
Highlights
The energy produced from the sugar industry by-products represents an essential contribution to the renewable energetic matrix in countries cultivating sugarcane worldwide [1,2,3,4]
The pyrolysis was concentrated in the temperature range 178–478 ◦ C and reached the maximum decomposition rate at 356 ◦ C, which is in line with previously reported results for this agro-fiber [35,46,47]
For the torrefaction at 230 ◦ C, the Higher heating value (HHV) of sugarcane bagasse increased 20.24% for min of residence time and, for 280 ◦ C, the HHV increased 24.11%—less than 4% higher if compared with the observed increment for 230 ◦ C
Summary
The energy produced from the sugar industry by-products represents an essential contribution to the renewable energetic matrix in countries cultivating sugarcane worldwide [1,2,3,4]. The sugarcane plant’s world biomass generation capacity is high, averaging approximately 69 t.ha−1 in 2018. The projection for this parameter for is 72.42 t.ha−1 [5]. Sugarcane bagasse is the crushed outer stalk by-product formed after the juice extraction from sugarcane in the sugar and alcohol industry.
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