Abstract
BackgroundAttention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is characterized by persistent symptoms of lack of attention, impulsivity and hyperactivity. The association between nutritional exposures and ADHD has been investigated and some studies have identified adverse effects from higher intake of sugar. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the association between change in sugar consumption between 6 and 11 years of age and incidence of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). MethodsPelotas 2004 Birth Cohort Study in Brazil. A food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was used to estimate sugar consumption and the Development and Well-Being Assessment (DAWBA) was applied to mothers to assess the presence of ADHD. ResultsOnly children without ADHD at 6 years and with complete information from FFQ and DAWBA at 6 and 11 years were included in the analyses (n = 2924). Odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals were calculated. Incidence of ADHD between 6 and 11 years was 4.6% (3.6–5.6%) among boys and 1.8% (1.2–2.5%) among girls. Adjusted analyses showed no association between always high sucrose consumption between 6 and 11 years and incidence of ADHD, compared with individuals who always presented low consumption, both among boys (OR = 0.66; 0.21–2.04) and girls (OR = 2.71; 0.24–30.35). LimitationsReflect those that are inherent to use of FFQs, such as memory bias and lack of precision in quantifying the diet. ConclusionsThe results suggest that there is no association between sucrose consumption between 6 and 11 years of age and incidence of ADHD.
Highlights
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is characterized by persistent symptoms of lack of attention, impulsivity and hyperactivity
At these two follow-ups, the losses were higher among children who belonged to families at the extremes of the National Economic Index (NEI) (1st and 5th quintiles), whose mothers were less educated and without a spouse, had fewer than six prenatal consultations and had untreated mood problems during pregnancy
Sucrose consumption was associated with the prevalence of ADHD among boys at 6 years of age, in a cross-sectional analysis adjusted for confounding factors
Summary
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is characterized by persistent symptoms of lack of attention, impulsivity and hyperactivity. The association between nutritional exposures and ADHD has been investigated and some studies have identified adverse effects from higher intake of sugar. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the association between change in sugar consumption between 6 and 11 years of age and incidence of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Adjusted analyses showed no association between always high sucrose consumption between 6 and 11 years and incidence of ADHD, compared with individuals who always presented low consumption, both among boys (OR = 0.66; 0.21–2.04) and girls (OR = 2.71; 0.24–30.35). Conclusions: The results suggest that there is no association between sucrose consumption between 6 and 11 years of age and incidence of ADHD
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