Sugar Beet Improvement using Agrobacterium-mediated Transformation technology

Abstract

Since discovering Agrobacterium tumefaciens distinctive capacity to incorporate a specified part of their transfer-DNA (T-DNA) into eukaryotic cells, the bacteria were commonly used for crop transformation originally of dicotyledonous crops and subsequently of nearly all organisms. To achieve this, the tumor-inducing (Ti) plasmid was changed to extract phytohormone and opine biosynthetic proteins (cytokinin and auxin) so as not to interfere with ordinary morphological growth. Overall, the conversion mediated by Agrobacterium was easier, more effective and less costly relative to other technologies. It also results in insertions with small copy count. Tumor development in crops has also proved the susceptibility of explants from field-grown sugar beet crops to Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Early efforts by Agrobacterium tumefaciens to transform sugar beet were unsuccessful, primarily owing to inability to regenerate crops from stably modified callus or suspended cells. A genotype-independent method was defined under which cotyledonary explants of various sugar beet genotypes are inoculated with Agrobacterium tumefaciens comprising whether kanamycin tolerance and GUS activity or kanamycin resistance, GUS activity and glyphosate tolerance. GUS expression, NPT dot blot as well as EPSPS assays verified the presence of transgenes; progeny showed Mendelian genetically modified inheritance and glyphosate tolerance at deadly concentrations to control plants. Unfortunately, there was no publication of technical information of the technique. Here we reviewed the concept Agrobacterium-mediated transformation and how to be applicable