Abstract
ABSTRACT In ‘Yali’ pears (Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd.) there is extra tissue formed on one side of the fruit, near the pedicel, causing a shape like a duck head termed Yatu, which is based on the Chinese phonetic alphabets of the raised duck head. The cell number of Yatu tissue has been known to be a direct factor influencing Yatu formation. The Yatu formation status among the fruits within an inflorescence is different, although the reason is not yet clear. Here, the per cent of first-order fruits with Yatu was 1.36 times higher than that of sixth-order fruits. The fruits with typical Yatu in first-order fruits were 3.52 times higher than in sixth-order fruits. The shorter peduncles of first-order fruits developed with a 1.25 times greater diameter compared to sixth-order fruits. The longitudinal diameter of the cross-section of vascular bundles was significantly higher in first-order fruits than in sixth-order fruits. The relatively higher GA3 and ZR levels, lower ABA content at second day before bloom (DBB) promoted the vascular bundle development. These results suggest that the well-developed vascular bundles, relatively higher GA3 content, and lower ABA content promoted Yatu development. The first-order fruits have a higher ability to form Yatu than sixth-order fruits.
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