Sufficience serum vitamin D before 20\xa0weeks of pregnancy reduces the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus

Chao-Yan Yue,Chun-Mei Ying

doi:10.1186/s12986-020-00509-0

Abstract

ObjectiveOur aim was to evaluate the relationship between serum vitamin D levels before 20 weeks of pregnancy and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus.MethodsThis study is a retrospective study. We analyzed the relationship between serum 25 (OH) D level before 20 weeks of pregnancy (first antenatal examination) and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus. Age, parity and pre-pregnancy body mass index were used as confounding factors. 8468 pregnant women were enrolled in this study between January 2018 and March 2020 at the Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University. Adjusted smoothing splinespline plots, subgroup analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to estimate the relative risk between 25(OH)D and gestational diabetes mellitus.ResultsAfter fully adjusting the confounding factors, serum vitamin D is a protective factor in gestational diabetes mellitus (OR = 0.90). Compared with vitamin D deficiency, vitamin D insufficiency (OR = 0.78), sufficience (OR = 0.82) are a protective factor for gestational diabetes mellitus.ConclusionSufficience vitamin D before 20 weeks of pregnancy is a protective factor for gestational diabetes mellitus. Vitamin D > 20 ng/mL can reduce the risk of GDM, which is not much different from the effect of > 30 ng/mL. The protective effect of vitamin D is more significant in obese pregnant women.

Highlights

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common complication of pregnancy, with an incidence of about 12.9% worldwide [1]
Two studies have shown that vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy can reduce the incidence of GDM [23, 24], but other studies suggest that vitamin D supplementation has no effect on the incidence of gestational diabetes or maternal blood glucose levels [25,26,27,28]
Our study focused on serum 25(OH)D levels before 20 weeks of pregnancy and evaluated their relationship with Gestational diabetes mellitus

Summary

Introduction

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common complication of pregnancy, with an incidence of about 12.9% worldwide [1]. Several studies have shown that the lower concentration of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25 (OH) D] in pregnant women is related to glucose intolerance and the higher prevalence of gestational diabetes [12,13,14,15,16,17,18], other studies have not found this contact [19,20,21]. The prevalence of gestational diabetes in pregnant women with high vitamin D levels is even higher in Guangzhou, China [22]. Two studies have shown that vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy can reduce the incidence of GDM [23, 24], but other studies suggest that vitamin D supplementation has no effect on the incidence of gestational diabetes or maternal blood glucose levels [25,26,27,28]. The purpose of our study was to assess the relationship between serum vitamin D and gestational diabetes in Chinese pregnant women before 20 weeks of gestation

Methods

Results

Discussion

Conclusion