Sudden sensorineural hearing loss related to Streptococcus suis meningitis

Abstract

Background: Streptococcus suis meningitis is caused by Streptococcus suis, gram positive bacteria which is a pathogen mainly in pigs. It is an emerging zoonosis globally with highest incidence in Southeast Asia. The main risk factors are contact with infected pigs and consumption of raw or moderately cooked pork. Bilateral sudden sensorineural hearing loss is a remarakable symptom in this disease. Early initiation of antibiotic and systemic corticosteroids is recommended to improve clinical outcome and reduce complications. Even so, despite adequate treatment, sensorineural hearing loss related to S. suis meningitis is usually irreversible. We report two male patients consulted to otorhinolaryngology department regarding decreased hearing in both ears. Both patients was previously admitted because of altered mental status, accompanied with fever and headache. History of eating traditional Balinese pork dish before the onset was noted. Pure-tone audiometry revealed bilateral sensorineural hearing loss in both patients. Diagnosis of S. suis meningitis was established and treatment was prompted. Clinically, both patients showed improvement but evaluation audiometry showed no remarkable improvement in hearing threshold. Therefore, transmission avoidance, infection prevention, hygiene practice and educational activities are essential.