Sudden infant death syndrome and Canadian Aboriginals: bacteria and infections.

Abstract

Aboriginal populations in Canada, America and Australia have higher incidences of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) than non-Aboriginal groups. Canadian Aboriginal populations (known also as first nation, native or Indian) experience infant morbidity/mortality rates 3-7 times that of non-Aboriginals, with upper track respiratory infection and SIDS recorded as the leading causes. The aim of this investigation was to examine the home environment of Aboriginal infants, particularly during winter months when respiratory tract infections and SIDS are more common. Environmental bacteria, fungi and air particulates were examined in the residences of Aboriginal infants during visits to individual homes on an Aboriginal reserve. The physical histories of SIDS victims were gathered from medical files. Air and surfaces were sampled by agar strips which were processed by a commercial laboratory. The levels of fungi, bacteria and air particulate rates recorded in the reserve homes of Aboriginal infants registered levels considered to be detrimental to the health of the inhabitants. Such extreme levels could contribute to the high incidence of respiratory disease and SIDS experienced by Canadian Aboriginal infants.