Sudden Death Secondary to Bladder Rupture in an Ewe Undergoing Laparoscopic Insemination Procedure - A Case Report

Sathe Sr

doi:10.4172/2574-2868.100019

Abstract

Laparoscopic artificial insemination (AI) is an advanced assisted reproductive technique gaining popularity among small ruminant veterinarians due to the higher pregnancy rates it affords using frozen/processed semen. The technique has a distinct advantage over conventional AI techniques, in which it bypasses the caudal reproductive tract and the tortuous cervical rings and enables intrauterine deposition of semen. Prior to performing the actual procedure, it is advisable to withhold feed and water for 12-24 hours to decrease the rumen fill and afford greater visibility of the reproductive tract.

Highlights

Laparoscopic artificial insemination (AI) is an advanced assisted reproductive technique gaining popularity among small ruminant veterinarians due to the higher pregnancy rates it affords using frozen/processed semen
As with routine laparoscopic procedures, an inert gas such as medical grade carbon dioxide (CO2) or medical grade air is insufflated for better visualization of the abdominal contents the reproductive tract
The present case highlights the unusual and unexplainable pathophysiology resulting in acute death following iatrogenic bladder rupture during laparoscopic artificial insemination

Summary

Introduction

Laparoscopic artificial insemination (AI) is an advanced assisted reproductive technique gaining popularity among small ruminant veterinarians due to the higher pregnancy rates it affords using frozen/processed semen. As with any laparoscopic procedure, iatrogenic trauma to abdominal organs leading to acute hemorrhage, perforations, fecal contamination of the abdomen, peritonitis, septicemia and death are possible complications. Possible causes of rupture during laparoscopic insemination procedures include inadequate decompression and over distention of the bladder in the caudal abdomen, increased bladder fill due to alpha-2 administration, insufficient abdominal insufflation, inappropriate trocar placement and improper positioning of the animal. The urinary bladder is one of the most vulnerable organs at risk of perforation This is because a distended and heavy bladder tends to suspend cranially and medially along the ventral floor of the abdomen especially in Trendelenburg position. The present case highlights the unusual and unexplainable pathophysiology resulting in acute death following iatrogenic bladder rupture during laparoscopic artificial insemination

Case Presentation

Laboratory and Necropsy Results

Discussion

Learning Points