Abstract
Consumption of non-nutritive sweeteners (NNS) has been consistently associated with obesity and cardiometabolic disease in epidemiologic studies. Herein, we investigated effects of sucralose, a widely used NNS, at a cellular level. We wanted to investigate effect of sucralose on reactive oxygen species accumulation and adipogenesis in a human adipocyte tissue-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) in a controlled fashion.MethodsIn vitro experiments were conducted on commercially available MSCs obtained from human adipose tissue. hMSCs were exposed with sucralose at 0.2 mM (a concentration which could plausibly be observed in the circulatory system of high NNS consumers) up to 1.0 mM (supra-physiologic concentration) in the presence of both normal and high glucose media to detect a dose response based on the outcome measures. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) were detected using Mitosox Red staining and further analyzed by ImageJ and gene expression analysis. Effect of sucralose on adipogenic differentiation was observed in different concentrations of sucralose followed by gene expression analysis and Oil Red O staining.ResultsIncreased ROS accumulation was observed within 72 h of exposure. Increased adipogenesis was also noted when exposed to higher dose of sucralose.ConclusionSucralose promotes ROS accumulation and adipogenesis in human adipose tissue derived mesenchymal stromal cells.
Highlights
Consumption of added sugars is associated with the development of obesity, diabetes, high blood pressure, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and dyslipidemia [1,2,3,4]
We focused on the effects of sucralose, one of the widely used nutritive sweeteners (NNS), on reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and adipogenesis of human subcutaneous adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stromal cells
Mitosox Red staining of cells exposed to normal and high glucose with or without sucralose The presence of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was examined by Mitosox Red staining in the presence of normal glucose: no statistically significant changes in ROS accumulation were observed in any of the sucralose-exposed conditions (0.2 mM, 0.45 mM, 1 mM) (Fig. 1a, b)
Summary
Consumption of added sugars is associated with the development of obesity, diabetes, high blood pressure, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and dyslipidemia [1,2,3,4]. Non-nutritive sweeteners (NNS) are commonly used as a replacement for added sugar, as they are sweet but contain no or few calories. The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2009–2012 [7] reported 25% of children and more than 41% of adults consume NNS directly or indirectly in foods and beverages in the USA. Numerous epidemiologic studies have shown associations between NNS consumption with obesity, diabetes, and stroke [8,9,10,11]. Potential mechanisms for these observations have been
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