Abstract
The current study documents the importance of research on preserved artifacts which were previously used to take measurements of the Earth, and their importance for cultural heritage. The article reviewed the available source documents presenting the history of the astrogeodetic control point of Sucha Góra-Trockenberg as a monument of the first order triangulation network, preserved in cartographic materials and as the starting point of local geodetic networks, used in mining until 2000 in the so-called Upper Silesian Coal Basin, located in the territory of Poland and the Czech Republic. In order to determine the history of the triangulation work and the dates that the geographic coordinates of the peak were determined, field journals and other available materials were analyzed. The interesting location of this astrogeodetic control point, being in the vicinity of a UNESCO site, as well as its location in a forest and park complex, justify undertaking activities related to the conservation and promotion of this cultural heritage site.
Highlights
The cultural heritage of geodesy, cartography, and geography is ambiguous [1]
The research work began with the search for available documents identifying the history of the triangulation point “Sucha Góra-Trockenberg” as a point of the first order triangulation network preserved in cartographic materials and as the starting point of local geodetic networks used in mining until 2000 in the so-called Upper Silesian Coal Basin, located in the territory of Poland and the Czech Republic
We aimed to show the history of the “Sucha Góra” point and document its importance for modern geodesy and cartography’s scientific and cultural heritage
Summary
The cultural heritage of geodesy, cartography, and geography is ambiguous [1]. It has an important scientific and humanistic aspect: the history of measuring the Earth’s surface and the international cooperation of scientists representing many countries. The industrial development that began in Europe in the 18th century required detailed maps. Between the 18th and 19th centuries, triangulation-based measurement systems began to be formed. Creating geodetic networks facilitated the designation of space for marking accurate coordinates. The precision of the geodetic systems created between the 18th and 20th centuries became the basic reference for all planning and engineering works, until modern times, when terrestrial measurement was replaced by aerial and satellite survey
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