Successive grinding and sieving as a new tool to fractionate polyphenols and antioxidants of plants powders: Application to Boscia senegalensis seeds, Dichrostachys glomerata fruits, and Hibiscus sabdariffa calyx powders.

Markusse Deli,Joël Scher,Nicolas Njintang Yanou,Elie Baudelaire Ndjantou,Josiane Thérèse Ngatchic Metsagang,Jeremy Petit

doi:10.1002/fsn3.1022

Abstract

The present investigation aimed at evaluating the effect of powder fractionation based on particle size on the chemical composition in macronutrients, polyphenol contents, and antioxidant properties of powders of Boscia senegalensis seeds, Dichrostachys glomerata fruits, and Hibiscus sabdariffa calyces. Significant differences (p < 0.05) among granulometric classes of each plant were observed for the chemical composition in macronutrients. A decrease in particle size of plant powders was associated with an increase in ash, protein, and fat contents, while carbohydrate content was lowered. The following Granulometric classes, [0–180 µm] for Boscia senegalensis, [180–212 µm] for Dichrostachys glomerata, and [212–315 µm] for Hibiscus sabdariffa, respectively, were found to maximize total phenolic content and antioxidant activity. These results confirm that the grinding and controlled differential screening technology is an approach may serve as a useful guide to obtain optimum polyphenol extraction and enhance antioxidant activity of plant products.

Highlights

The interest for food supplements derived from medicinal plants has recently increased
It is important to emphasize that during sieving analysis Boscia senegalensis was extremely sticky and cohesive, so it cannot be said that sieving analysis provided reliable results for Boscia senegalensis particle size
Particle size distribution results of Boscia senegalensis powder samples were consistent with sieving issues encountered when processing this plant: Boscia senegalensis powder adhered to sieve walls and agglomerated upon vibrations, limiting its passage through sieve meshes, resulting in poorly efficient sieving difficulties

Summary

Introduction

The interest for food supplements derived from medicinal plants has recently increased. This kind of natural supplements allows meeting the need for alternatives to conventional medicine, while surfing on the wave of “natural” or “organic” products. It is well established that plants constitute a significant source of bioactive molecules for the production of nutraceutics, functional foods, and additives (Joana Gil‐Chávez et al, 2013). The use of plants in food supplements is based on traditional practices (powders, aqueous, or dry extracts) and modern extraction techniques designed for bioactive extraction from plants. The use of solvents for the extraction of active ingredients has

Objectives

Results

Conclusion