Successful use of problem-solving methodology to reduce pharmacy chemotherapy processing time

Abstract

ObjectivesThe primary objectives of this study were to (1) reduce pharmacy turnaround time (TAT) without compromising safety and quality and (2) reduce compounding order overload during peak hours (8:00 AM-5:00 PM). The secondary objective was to decrease patient wait time pertinent to pharmacy services. SettingThe setting was a hospital-based pharmacy. Practice descriptionPharmacy dispensing more than 1800 doses daily, 30% of which goes to outpatient cancer treatment. Patients usually receive multiple compounded medications; thus, compounding numbers are several folds higher than patient number. High compounded chemotherapy order volume overloaded pharmacy staff during peak hours and was a major contributor to patient wait time. Practice innovationUsing Define Measure Analyze Improve Control Six Sigma and intelligent risk-taking strategies, a dedicated team identified root causes of problems and designed long-lasting solutions that would not compromise quality. EvaluationThe most effective initiative was the advanced preparation of chemotherapy for select patients (Concierge), which addressed pharmacy TAT, patient wait time, and chemotherapy order overload, all without affecting safety or quality of dispensed medications. ResultsPharmacy TAT decreased by 77% for Concierge patients and 31% for standard patients. Comparable decreases were observed for patient wait time: 67% for Concierge and 27% for standard patients. Safety and quality were maintained for all dispensations during and after implementation of Concierge. A concurrent 8% increase in patient number was observed despite no changes in physical capacity. ConclusionThe implementation of Concierge initiatives: markedly reduced pharmacy TAT without compromising safety checks performed by pharmacists; decreased chemotherapy order overload during peak hours; improved distribution of assignments for pharmacy staffand statistically significant decreased wait time for all patients, especially those selected for Concierge. Effective selection of Concierge patients minimized additional costs associated with wasted premixed chemotherapy. Improving workflow for a subset of patients affected a greater patient population, allowing additional patients to be treated daily.