Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Acquired methemoglobinemia is a rare and potentially lethal complication of various oxidative chemicals, including aniline dyes, nitrites, antibiotics (dapsone) and topical anesthetics such as benzocaine. In most patients symptoms are mild and resolve without specific therapy, however, intravenous methylene blue may be required with more severe involvement. In cases of continued exposure to an oxidizing agent or enzyme deficiency, standard treatment may be ineffective and rarely, hyperbaric oxygen treatment or red-cell exchange transfusion can be efficacious. We present the case of an adult who was successfully treated with a red cell exchange transfusion.
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