Abstract
Background and Aim: Normal fertilisation is confirmed after the observation of a second polar body (PB) and two pronuclei (2PN). Zygotes that show no signs of pronuclei or second PB extrusion are usually considered unfertilised and discarded as they lack developmental potential and/or are at high risk of chromosomal aberrations due to potential parthenogenetic activation. Time-lapse culture systems have allowed embryologists to witness the successful formation of blastocysts from apronuclear zygotes; such embryos could potentially be considered for preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A).
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