Abstract
This study aimed to determine the prevalence and correlates of successful ageing in older community-dwelling adults in India. The cross-sectional sample included 21,343 individuals (≥ 65 years) from the Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI) Wave 1 in 2017–2018. Successful ageing was assessed utilizing a multidimensional concept, including five components: (1) absence of major illness, (2) free of disability, (3) no major depressive disorder, (4) social engagement and (5) life satisfaction. Overall, 27.2% had successful ageing, including 83.3% had no major diseases, 51.0% free from disability, 91.8% had no major depressive disorder, 73.6% were socially engaged and 74.6% had high life satisfaction. In the adjusted logistic regression analysis, male sex (Adjusted Odds Ratio-AOR 1.40, 95% Confidence Interval-CI 1.21–1.26), married (AOR 1.48, 95% CI 1.22–1.79), having formal education (AOR 1.47, 95% CI 1.23–1.74), high subjective socioeconomic status (AOR 1.61, 95% CI 1.29–2.01), urban residence (AOR 1.42, 95% CI 1.19–1.70), Sikhs (AOR 1.76, 95% CI 1.38–2.24), high physical activity (AOR 1.65, 95% CI 1.38–1.97), and daily Yoga practice (AOR 1.34, 95% CI 1.11–1.61) increased the odds of successful ageing, while increasing age (AOR 0.96, 95% CI 0.94–0.79), poor childhood health (AOR: 0.47, 95% CI 0.29–0.75), and underweight (AOR 0.70, 95% CI 0.61–0.81) decreased the odds of successful ageing. Almost one in three older adults in India were successfully ageing. Factors associated with successful ageing included, male sex, married, having formal education, high subjective socioeconomic status, urban residence, Sikhs, physical activity, Yoga practice, younger age, good childhood health, and not having underweight.
Highlights
With longevity and declining fertility rates, the population of older persons (60 years and above) is globally growing faster than the general population
The study was approved by the “Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) Ethics Committee and written informed consent was obtained from the participants”21
Comparing the assessment of successful ageing (SA) with multidimensional concept of successful ageing (MMSA) and biomedical model of successful ageing (BMSA), this study found in line with previous r esearch8,9 that the rates of MMSA were higher than BMSA
Summary
With longevity and declining fertility rates, the population of older persons (60 years and above) is globally growing faster than the general population. One means to be used for evaluating quality of life of older adults in India is by assessing and monitoring successful ageing (SA). Definitions of SA or healthy ageing include “survival to a specific age, being free of chronic diseases, autonomy in activities of daily living, well-being, good quality of life, high social participation, only mild cognitive or functional impairment, and little or no disability”. The BMSA may include five components: “no major disease, high cognitive functioning, high gmail.com. Physical functioning, no disability and active engagement with life”, and MMSA may include five components, such as no major disease, no disability, mental well-being, social engagement, and life satisfaction. Studies on SA among older adults have largely been conducted in high-income countries, except for China. This study aimed to determine SA in older community-dwelling adults in India in 2017–2018
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