Abstract
We show the potential of using two dimensional hyperbolic metamaterials (HMs) made of microstrip transmission line (TL) grids loaded by lumped components for achieving subwavelength focusing and resolution at microwave frequencies. The designed planar HM exhibits a very flat wavevector-dispersion diagram over a wide frequency range, signature of the so-called canalization regime. The canalization regime allows us to transfer the field profile of a single point source at the interface through the HM, with full width half maximum of λg / 69, where λg is the guided wavelength in the isotropic TL grid at 200 MHz. We also report the ability to resolve two point sources with subwavelength distance of λg / 15.
Highlights
Hyperbolic metamaterials (HMs) recently attracted attention for their ability to support a very wide spatial spectrum of propagating waves, much wider than the propagating spectrum in free space [1]
A periodic metal-dielectric layered HM exhibiting extremely flat dispersion diagram over a wide spatial spectrum has been reported for imaging with subwavelength resolution at optical frequencies [6], with λ / 20 resolution using glass and metal layers
The very flat dispersion diagram has been associated to the so-called canalization regime [2], [3], [6] for which a wide spectrum is allowed to propagate with almost the same phase constant inside the HM medium
Summary
Hyperbolic metamaterials (HMs) recently attracted attention for their ability to support a very wide spatial spectrum of propagating waves, much wider than the propagating spectrum in free space [1]. Recent applications of HMs include negative refraction and subwavelength focusing. The latter requires the transfer of both propagating and evanescent spectra emanated by a source to the focusing location. Transfer of wide spatial spectra can be achieved by using metal-dielectric multilayers [2], wire media [3], [4], and HMs [1], [5], [6]. Note that in such media the transfer does not make use of amplification of evanescent spectral components as in slabs with negative refractive index [7]. We show spatial resolution of two sources with subwavelength inter-distance
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