Subventricular zone volumetric and dosimetric changes during postoperative brain tumor irradiation and its impact on overall survival

Abstract

PurposeThe aim of this retrospective study was to investigate the relationship between the dose to the subventricular zone (SVZ) and overall survival (OS) of 41 patients with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), who were treated with an adaptive approach involving repeated topometric CT and replanning at two-thirds (40 Gy) of their course of postoperative radiotherapy for planning of a 20 Gy boost. MethodsWe examined changes in the ipsilateral lateral ventricle (LV) and SVZ (iLV and iSVZ), as well as in the contralateral LV and SVZ (cLV and cSVZ). We evaluated the volumetric changes on both planning CT scans (primary CT1 and secondary CT2). The survival of the GBM patients was analyzed using the Kaplan–Meier method; the multivariate Cox regression was also performed. ResultsMedian follow-up and OS were 34.5 months and 17.6 months, respectively. LV and SVZ structures exhibited significant volumetric changes on CT2, resulting in an increase of dose coverage. At a cut-off point of 58 Gy, a significant correlation was detected between the iSVZ2 mean dose and OS (27.8 vs 15.6 months, p = 0.048). In a multivariate analysis, GBM patients with a shorter time to postoperative chemoradiotherapy (<3.8 weeks), with good performance status (≥70%) and higher mean dose (≥58 Gy) to the iSVZ2 had significantly better OS. ConclusionsSignificant anatomical and dose distribution changes to the brain structures were observed, which have a relevant impact on the dose-effect relationship for GBM; therefore, involving the iSVZ in the target volume should be considered and adapted to the changes.